[답과 설명] 고환율 원달러환율 인플레이션으로 기름값상승 고물가 생활물가상승에서 살아남기

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✅ TOEIC 1 정답 & 해설

Q1. According to the passage, what is one major reason fuel prices have risen in Korea?
(A) Increased demand for domestic travel
(B) Reduced production of diesel within Korea
(C) The weakening value of the Korean won
(D) Government subsidies on gasoline purchases

✅ 정답: (C) The weakening value of the Korean won

🔍 해설

지문에서 이렇게 말합니다:

“…average gasoline and diesel prices have climbed steadily…, driven by rising international oil prices and the weakening Korean won.

즉,

• 국제 유가 상승

• 원화 가치 하락(원/달러 환율 상승)
  이 두 가지가 주요 원인입니다.

보기 분석:

• (A) 국내 여행 수요 증가는 언급 X

• (B) 디젤 생산 감소 언급 X

• (C) 직접 언급된 이유 → 정답

• (D) 정부 보조금은 오히려 “세금 인하 축소”라고 했지, 보조금 얘기는 없습니다.

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🔤 중요 단어 & 표현

• exchange rate: 환율

  • The exchange rate between the won and the dollar has gone up.

• weaken / weakening: 약해지다, 약세가 되다

  • The Korean won is weakening against the US dollar.

• drive ~: ~을 이끌다, ~의 원인이 되다

  • Rising costs drove prices higher.

• at the pump: 주유소에서(기름 넣을 때)

  • Consumers are paying more at the pump these days.

💬 회화 예문

• Why are gas prices so high these days?
  → The weakening exchange rate is driving fuel prices up.

• Is the Korean won getting stronger?
  → No, it’s actually weakening against the dollar.

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✅ TOEIC 2 정답 & 해설

Q2. What can be inferred about Korean drivers based on the passage?
(A) They have stopped using their cars due to extreme fuel shortages.
(B) They are traveling farther distances to find more affordable fuel.
(C) They now prefer imported gasoline over domestic gasoline.
(D) They believe fuel prices will return to normal soon.

✅ 정답: (B) They are traveling farther distances to find more affordable fuel.

🔍 해설

지문 내용:

“Many drivers now travel long distances just to find cheaper fuel…”

따라서, 운전자들이

• 차를 안 쓰는 것도 아니고(A X)

• 수입 휘발유 언급도 없고(C X)

• 곧 정상으로 돌아올 거라 믿는다는 말도 없습니다(D X).

멀리까지 싼 주유소를 찾으러 간다 → (B) 가 정확한 추론입니다.

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🔤 중요 단어 & 표현

• travel long distances: 먼 거리를 이동하다

• affordable: 부담 가능한, 가격이 적당한

• fuel expenses: 유류비, 연료비

• coping with: ~에 대처하다

💬 회화 예문

• Why did you go to a gas station outside the city?
  → I traveled a long distance to find more affordable fuel.

• How are you coping with the higher fuel prices?
  → I’m driving less and looking for cheaper gas stations.

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✅ IELTS 1 정답 & 해설 (Short Answer)

Q3. According to the passage, what food item have many Korean households turned to as a cheaper alternative to beef?

✅ 정답: pork

🔍 해설

지문에서 이렇게 나옵니다:

“Many households are switching to cheaper alternatives like pork as both domestic and imported beef prices continue to climb.”

• cheaper alternative to beef → pork

• “돼지고기로 대체”하는 내용 그대로입니다.

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🔤 중요 단어 & 표현

• alternative: 대안, 대체물

  • We need a cheaper alternative.

• switch to ~: ~로 바꾸다, 전환하다

  • Many people are switching to online shopping.

💬 회화 예문

• Beef is too expensive these days.
  → Yeah, we usually switch to pork as a cheaper alternative.

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✅ IELTS 2 정답 & 해설 (T/F/NG)

Q4.

The passage states that construction materials have become cheaper due to reduced demand.

• True

• False

• Not Given

✅ 정답: False

🔍 해설

지문에서는 오히려 반대로 말합니다:

“…basic materials such as copper, tin, and other metals are now significantly more expensive.”

또한:

• 수요 감소 때문에 가격이 떨어졌다는 내용은 전혀 없음

• 원자재 수입 비용 상승 → 자재비 상승이라는 구조입니다.

따라서 “cheaper due to reduced demand(수요 감소로 더 싸졌다)”는 말은 지문 내용과 정반대 → False

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🔤 중요 단어 & 표현

• construction-related shops: 건설 관련 상점

• basic materials: 기본 자재, 원자재

• significantly: 상당히, 크게

• due to ~: ~때문에

💬 회화 예문

• Why did your renovation cost so much?
  → Construction materials have become significantly more expensive.

• Are prices cheaper due to lower demand?
  → No, they’re actually higher due to rising import costs.

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✅ TOEFL 1 정답 & 해설 (Main Idea)

Q5. What is the author’s primary purpose in this passage?
(A) To argue that Korea should ban imported goods
(B) To explain how high exchange rates affect various aspects of daily life
(C) To compare Korea’s economy with that of the United States
(D) To highlight the benefits of rising fuel prices

✅ 정답: (B) To explain how high exchange rates affect various aspects of daily life

🔍 해설

지문의 구조를 보면:

• 첫 부분: 환율 상승 상황 설명

• 그 다음:

  • 기름값

  • 밥상 물가

  • 커피 값

  • 원자재·철물점

  • 유학비
    까지 하나씩 “고환율 → 생활 전반 영향” 을 설명합니다.

→ 즉, 목적은 “고환율이 삶의 여러 영역에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 설명” 이므로 (B)가 정답입니다.

다른 보기:

• (A) 수입품을 금지하자는 주장 없음

• (C) 미국과 비교하는 구조가 아님

• (D) 오히려 “부담”과 “비용 상승”에 초점 → 이익 X

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🔤 중요 단어 & 표현

• primary purpose: 주된 목적

• various aspects of daily life: 일상의 여러 측면

• affect: 영향을 미치다

💬 회화 예문

• What’s the primary purpose of this article?
  → It explains how high exchange rates affect everyday life.

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✅ TOEFL 2 정답 & 해설 (Paragraph Insert)

Q6. 문장 끼워넣기 문제

삽입 문장:

“This shift has made studying abroad significantly more challenging for Korean families.”

선택지:
(A) Before the sentence “The burden extends beyond Korea’s borders as well.”
(B) After the sentence “Korean students studying abroad, particularly in the United States, say that daily expenses….”
(C) After the sentence “Statistics show that the total amount of money spent on overseas education has risen sharply…”
(D) After the sentence “Overall, the high exchange rate is reshaping financial habits across the country.”

✅ 정답: (B) After the sentence …“say that daily expenses…”

🔍 문단 구조 살펴보기

원래 문단 흐름(요약):

1. The burden extends beyond Korea’s borders as well.

2. Korean students studying abroad… say it has become difficult…

3. Statistics show that the total amount of money spent on overseas education has risen sharply…

4. Simple calculations suggest that the effective cost of studying abroad has increased by more than 70 percent…

삽입 문장:

• “This shift has made studying abroad significantly more challenging for Korean families.”

이 문장은

• 2번 문장에서 말한 유학생의 어려움을 한 번 더 정리하는 요약 문장이고,

• 그 다음 3번에서 통계 자료로 뒷받침을 해 줍니다.

따라서 가장 자연스러운 위치는:

2번(유학생의 어려움 소개) → 삽입 문장(가족에게 도전이 됨) → 3번(통계·숫자 근거)

즉, (B) 가 가장 논리적입니다.

• (A)는 앞에서 너무 뜬금없이 유학 얘기가 나오기 때문에 부자연스럽고

• (C)는 이미 통계를 말한 뒤에 요약 문장이 오면 흐름이 약간 끊기며

• (D)는 완전히 다른 결론 단락 뒤라서 맞지 않습니다.

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🔤 중요 단어 & 표현

• burden extends beyond ~: 부담이 ~를 넘어서 확산되다

• studying abroad: 해외 유학

• challenging: 힘든, 도전적인

• statistics show that ~: 통계에 따르면 ~이다

• effective cost: 실제 체감 비용

💬 회화 예문

• Has studying abroad become harder for Korean families?
  → Yes, the strong dollar has made studying abroad much more challenging.

• What do statistics show about overseas education spending?
  → Statistics show that the total amount has risen sharply.